Nvidia to Launch Downgraded H20 AI Chip for China, Navigating US Export Controls

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On Fri, 9 May, 8:04 AM UTC

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Nvidia plans to release a modified version of its H20 AI chip for the Chinese market in July, complying with US export restrictions while attempting to maintain its presence in a crucial market.

Nvidia's Strategic Move in Response to US Export Controls

Nvidia, the leading AI chip manufacturer, is set to release a downgraded version of its H20 artificial intelligence chip for the Chinese market in July 2025. This move comes in response to recent U.S. export restrictions that effectively barred the sale of the original H20 model without a license 12. The modified chip represents Nvidia's latest attempt to maintain its presence in China, one of its most crucial markets, while complying with Washington's expanding efforts to restrict China's access to advanced semiconductor technology 2.

Technical Modifications and Performance Impact

The new version of the H20 chip will feature significant downgrades from the original model:

  1. Reduced memory capacity: This change will affect the chip's ability to train large language models with tens and hundreds of billions of parameters 1.
  2. Adjustable performance: Downstream customers may potentially modify the module configuration to adjust the chip's performance levels 23.

These modifications are designed to ensure that the new H20 stays within the permissible thresholds set by the U.S. government 1. The downgraded H20 will be Nvidia's third Hopper-based GPU designed specifically for China, relying on cut-down H100 silicon 1.

Market Implications and Industry Response

China accounted for $17 billion in revenue, or 13% of Nvidia's total sales, in the fiscal year ended January 26, 2025 24. The importance of the Chinese market was underscored by Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang's visit to Beijing last month, where he emphasized China's significance as a key market for the company 25.

Major Chinese technology companies, including Tencent, Alibaba, and ByteDance, had previously increased their orders for the original H20 chip amid growing demand for cost-effective AI models 23. Nvidia had reportedly accumulated $18 billion worth of H20 orders since January 2025 2.

Broader Context of US-China Tech Tensions

The U.S. has restricted exports of Nvidia's most sophisticated chips to China since 2022, citing concerns about their potential military applications 2. The H20 was introduced after Washington tightened export controls in October 2023 2. This ongoing situation reflects the broader tensions between the United States and China in the high-tech sector, particularly in areas critical to AI development.

Future Outlook

As Nvidia navigates these complex regulatory waters, the success of the modified H20 chip in the Chinese market remains to be seen. The company's ability to balance compliance with U.S. regulations while meeting the demands of its Chinese customers will be crucial for maintaining its strong position in the global AI chip market. The situation also raises questions about the long-term impact of export controls on technological innovation and global supply chains in the AI industry.

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