UK Courts Anthropic With Expansion Plans After US Defence Clash Over Military AI Use

Reviewed byNidhi Govil

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Britain's government is actively courting Anthropic, the $380 billion AI startup, with proposals ranging from a London office expansion to a dual stock listing. The move comes as the artificial intelligence company faces political headwinds in the US after refusing to allow its Claude chatbot to be used for military surveillance or autonomous weapons.

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Britain Woos Anthropic Amid Pentagon Tensions

The UK government is making an aggressive play to expand Anthropic's presence in Britain, capitalizing on the artificial intelligence company's contentious standoff with US authorities over military applications of its technology

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. Staff at the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology have drafted proposals for the $380 billion startup that span from a London office expansion to a potential dual stock listing, according to multiple sources familiar with the plans

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. These proposals will be presented to Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei during his visit to the UK in late May as part of a broader European tour to meet customers and policymakers

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US Defense Department Dispute Creates Opening

The UK's courtship of Anthropic intensified after the US Defense Department designated the San Francisco-headquartered company a supply-chain risk following its refusal to permit military use of Claude, its AI chatbot, for surveillance or autonomous weapons systems

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. President Donald Trump publicly criticized the company in late February on Truth Social, calling them "leftwing nut jobs" and declaring that "THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA WILL NEVER ALLOW A RADICAL LEFT, WOKE COMPANY TO DICTATE HOW OUR GREAT MILITARY FIGHTS AND WINS WARS!"

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. While a US judge temporarily blocked the blacklisting, Anthropic still has a second lawsuit pending over the supply-chain risk designation

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London Mayor Pitches Stable Environment

A week after Trump's public rebuke, London mayor Sadiq Khan wrote directly to Amodei, positioning the UK capital as a "steadfast" base for Anthropic expansion. "I believe that London can provide a stable, proportionate and pro-innovation environment in which this kind of AI can flourish," Khan wrote

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. The timing underscores how Britain woos Anthropic as part of a calculated strategy to attract leading AI firms during moments of geopolitical friction.

UK AI Strategy and Sovereign Capabilities

The push to attract Anthropic aligns with a broader global race to build sovereign AI capabilities and reduce dependence on foreign AI companies

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. Last month, UK AI initiatives expanded with the announcement of a £40 million state-backed research lab for "blue-sky" work in AI, leveraging Britain's research base to drive breakthroughs in science, healthcare, and transport

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. UK officials acknowledge they lack a homegrown competitor to top US labs and have instead pursued partnerships with leading American firms. Anthropic currently employs about 200 people in the UK, including 60 researchers, and last year appointed former prime minister Rishi Sunak as a senior adviser

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Competing AI Hubs in London

The UK's efforts come as London increasingly positions itself as a major AI hub outside the United States. Rival OpenAI committed last month to significantly expanding in London, making it the company's biggest research hub outside the US

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. Google DeepMind has also built substantial presence in the capital since Google acquired the AI research lab founded by Demis Hassabis in 2014, with the search giant now finishing construction on a vast, roughly £1 billion campus in King's Cross

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IPO Timing and Dual Listing Ambitions

Anthropic is preparing for an Initial Public Offering as early as this year, which adds urgency to the UK's proposals

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. One person familiar with the government's proposals described "the dream" scenario as persuading Anthropic to pursue a dual listing of its shares in both the UK and US, though they acknowledged this was highly unlikely

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. UK business secretary Peter Kyle told the Financial Times that Anthropic was one of many fast-growing companies he wanted to encourage to invest more in Britain through the Global Talent Taskforce. "We are in regular dialogue with them as you'd expect," said another government figure, noting the discussions build on a memorandum of understanding signed last year with Anthropic to collaborate on boosting scientific progress and building a secure supply chain for AI technology in military applications and beyond

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. The outcome of these negotiations could signal whether AI companies facing US political pressure will diversify their geographic footprint, and whether the UK can successfully position itself as an alternative hub for AI innovation amid intensifying global competition.

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