French Publishers and Authors Sue Meta Over AI Copyright Infringement

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On Wed, 12 Mar, 5:47 PM UTC

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French publishing and authors' associations have filed a lawsuit against Meta, accusing the tech giant of using copyrighted content without permission to train its AI models. This marks the first such legal action against an AI company in France.

French Publishers Take Legal Action Against Meta

In a groundbreaking move, leading French publishing and authors' associations have filed a lawsuit against Meta, the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. The legal action, initiated in a Paris court, accuses the tech giant of "massive use of copyrighted works without authorization" to train its artificial intelligence (AI) models 1.

The Plaintiffs and Their Allegations

The lawsuit is spearheaded by three prominent organizations:

  1. The National Publishing Union (SNE)
  2. The National Union of Authors and Composers (SNAC)
  3. The Society of People of Letters (SGDL)

These groups allege that Meta has engaged in economic "parasitism" by unlawfully using their protected content to train its AI systems 2. Maia Bensimon, the general delegate of SNAC, described the situation as "monumental looting," emphasizing the scale of the alleged copyright infringement 3.

Meta's AI Training Practices Under Scrutiny

The lawsuit focuses on Meta's use of copyrighted materials, including books and other literary works, to train its large language models such as Llama. Vincent Montagne, president of SNE, stated that they have "established the presence of many works published by SNE members in the body of data used by Meta" 4.

Meta has previously acknowledged using a database called Books3, containing approximately 200,000 books, including some in French, to train its Llama model. The company claimed in a separate U.S. court case that this constituted "fair use" of the copyright-protected materials 4.

Broader Implications and Similar Cases

This lawsuit is considered the first of its kind against an AI giant in France. However, it aligns with a growing trend of legal challenges against tech companies over AI training data globally. Similar lawsuits have been filed in the United States, Canada, and India against companies like Meta and OpenAI 2.

The case highlights the ongoing tension between technological advancement and copyright protection. Christophe Hardy, head of SGDL, emphasized the need for AI developers to "respect the legal framework and, where relevant, find compensation for the use of works that feed into" the technology 4.

European Union's AI Regulations

The lawsuit comes amid the implementation of the European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act, which mandates that generative AI systems comply with the bloc's copyright laws and maintain transparency about the materials used for training 5. This regulatory framework adds another layer of complexity to the ongoing legal battle.

As the case unfolds, it is expected to set a precedent for how AI companies handle copyrighted content in their training processes, potentially reshaping the landscape of AI development and intellectual property rights in the digital age.

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