India hosts AI Summit in Delhi, positioning itself as tech's safe harbor amid global tensions

Reviewed byNidhi Govil

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India is hosting the AI Impact Summit in New Delhi, bringing together global tech leaders including Sam Altman, Sundar Pichai, and world leaders to discuss democratizing artificial intelligence for the Global South. The summit may culminate in a Delhi Declaration focused on human-centric progress and expanding AI benefits beyond Western nations, as India positions itself as a controversy-free destination for AI investment.

India Positions Itself as Neutral Ground for AI Development

India is hosting the AI Impact Summit in New Delhi this week, marking a shift in the global artificial intelligence conversation away from Western-dominated discourse. Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the event at Bharat Mandapam, welcoming global tech leaders, policymakers, and researchers under the theme "Sarvajana Hitaya, Sarvajana Sukhaya" or welfare for all, happiness for all

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. The summit brings together executives from OpenAI, Google, Microsoft, and Anthropic, alongside leaders from France, Switzerland, UAE, and the Netherlands, signaling India's intent to position itself as tech's safe harbor amid escalating geopolitical tensions between the US and China

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Source: Digit

Source: Digit

Unlike last year's Paris summit where Western powers jostled for dominance and US Vice President JD Vance declared America's supremacy non-negotiable, this week's gathering in the Global South may adopt a more collaborative approach

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. India's positioning as a least controversial, most adaptable destination for AI expansion offers a stark contrast to US-China sparring that forces tech majors to factor in political implications

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Delhi Declaration Expected to Focus on Democratizing AI Resources

The summit is expected to culminate in a Delhi Declaration that calls for greater democratization of AI resources and a standardized framework for deployment across sectors, according to people with knowledge of the matter

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. Establishing a formal global creative commons regime for artificial intelligence will also feature in the joint statement, which will be deliberated upon by Narendra Modi and other world leaders on Thursday. The multilateral agreement aims to expand the generational benefits of AI to the Global South, a region that risks being left behind as adoption rates remain below 10% across much of Africa, Asia, and Latin America, while some countries see over 50% population usage

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Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw indicated that India is working toward consensus on copyright challenges between AI and copyrighted content, suggesting a series of techno-legal solutions rather than single regulation

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. The Centre last year proposed allowing AI models to use copyrighted content for training while sharing revenue with rights holders.

India's AI Mission Builds on Proven Digital Infrastructure Success

Modi emphasized that India stands at the forefront of the AI transformation, with strides reflecting both ambition and responsibility

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. The country's credibility stems from successful adoption of technologies like Aadhaar, UPI payment systems accounting for a majority of the world's digital payment transactions, and rapid Covid vaccination of almost the entire eligible population

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. This citizen-centric model positions new technology as a force for good, creating both trust and a large market for innovation.

Source: Digit

Source: Digit

India's AI Mission, backed by a government budget of Rs 10,000 crore ($1.2 billion), focuses on subsidizing compute access, funding local language models, and supporting research and development

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. Electronics and IT Secretary S Krishnan explained that instead of directly subsidizing AI compute establishment, the government underwrites market access to ensure researchers, innovators, small and medium enterprises, and students can access AI compute at reasonable prices

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Global South Challenges and India's Strategic Opportunity

Despite India's significant AI hubs in Bengaluru, Hyderabad, and Mumbai, and infrastructure investments from Google, Nvidia, and Amazon, the country faces challenges in reaping rewards comparable to the West

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. Low-paid workers in India have long performed data categorization and content moderation for global AI tools, with AI data trainers in Chennai earning approximately 480,000 rupees (less than £4,000 or $5,000) annually, according to Glassdoor

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. This stands in stark contrast to OpenAI's valuation exceeding $500 billion.

The world's biggest US AI chatbots don't work in all of India's 22 official languages. ChatGPT and Claude currently support around half, while Google's Gemini supports nine

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. Professor Pushpak Bhattacharyya from IIT Mumbai notes that without tech understanding these languages, millions are excluded from digital transformation in education, governance, healthcare, and banking. India is building sovereign AI platforms to counter this, though progress remains relatively slow compared to US products and Chinese offerings like DeepSeek.

Industry Participation Key to Infrastructure Development

Global tech leaders including Sam Altman from OpenAI, Dario Amodei from Anthropic, Google CEO Sundar Pichai, and Microsoft President Brad Smith are scheduled to outline their India bets during the summit

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. They will be joined by Indian business leaders including Mukesh Ambani from Reliance Industries, Nandan Nilekani from Infosys, and Rishad Premji from Wipro. Industry participation is critical to shoulder the massive capital burden of establishing data infrastructure in India.

Rajan Anandan, managing director at Peak XV, one of India's biggest tech investors, stated that for India, this is about more than technology—it's about economic transformation, digital sovereignty, and building capability at scale

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. The expo features 13 country and region pavilions from Australia, Japan, Russia, UK, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Switzerland, Serbia, Estonia, Tajikistan, and Africa, with over 300 curated exhibition pavilions structured across three thematic areas: people, planet, and progress

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Source: ET

Source: ET

Building an AI Ecosystem Beyond Geopolitical Divisions

India's AI ecosystem rests on four pillars: chip manufacturing, energy capacity, chip research and design, and deployment plus diffusion in a growing market

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. The country holds advantages in the latter two while needing to catch up on the former. The strong US presence at the summit, led by Trump's chief science advisor Michal Kratsios, conveys trust and intent following successful trade deals with the US and European Union.

Professor Gina Neff from Queen Mary University London suggests Americans will have less to say with the summit's proposed bottom-up, Global South approach to AI governance that focuses on people, planet, and progress

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. Jeni Tennison from Connected by Data argues that governments need to act together to shape a more inclusive, democratic, and people-centered vision of AI in the face of unprecedented corporate power, with India as the world's largest "middle power" positioned to make that happen

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. Modi pitched India as a global hub for digital infrastructure and artificial intelligence, inviting the whole world's data to reside in India, supported by tax incentives announced in the Budget to accelerate investment and position India as a globally competitive destination

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