China launches probe into Meta's $2 billion Manus acquisition over technology export concerns

Reviewed byNidhi Govil

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China's Ministry of Commerce announced it will investigate Meta's $2 billion acquisition of AI startup Manus for potential violations of technology export controls. The Singapore-based company with Chinese roots developed agentic AI technology while in China, raising questions about whether proper export licenses were obtained when relocating operations.

China to Investigate Meta's Acquisition of Manus

China's Ministry of Commerce confirmed Thursday it will conduct a formal assessment and investigation into Meta's $2 billion acquisition of AI startup Manus, examining whether the deal complies with Chinese technology export controls and national security regulations

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. Ministry spokesperson He Yadong stated that companies engaging in foreign investment and technology exports must comply with Chinese laws and regulations, signaling Beijing's intent to scrutinize the transaction closely

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. The probe marks a significant escalation in the geopolitical contest over AI between Washington and Beijing, with the Meta Manus acquisition now caught in a regulatory tug-of-war that neither party anticipated.

Source: Silicon Republic

Source: Silicon Republic

Regulatory Scrutiny Centers on Technology Transfer

Chinese officials are focusing specifically on whether AI startup Manus violated technology export regulations when it relocated its core team and operations from China to Singapore

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. Though Manus is now headquartered in Singapore, regulators are examining agentic AI technology developed by the Chinese-founded company while it was still based in China

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. The central question, as raised by Cui Fan, a professor at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing, is whether any technologies prohibited or restricted from export under Chinese laws were exported without a license

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. This move has become so common among Chinese startups that it has earned the nickname "Singapore washing," according to reports

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Source: Bloomberg

Source: Bloomberg

From Beijing to Singapore: Manus's Strategic Relocation

Manus's parent company, Butterfly Effect Pte, was founded in China before moving to Singapore, completing that transition only over the past year . The relocation came after Benchmark led a financing round that sparked immediate controversy, with U.S. Senator John Cornyn complaining about the deal and the U.S. Treasury Department launching inquiries around new rules restricting American investment in Chinese AI companies

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. The concerns were significant enough to drive what one Chinese professor described as the company's "step-by-step disentanglement from China"

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. Meta stated there would be "no continuing Chinese ownership interests in Manus AI" following Meta's $2 billion acquisition, and that Manus would discontinue its services and operations in China

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National Security Implications and Potential Penalties

It remains unclear whether Beijing will consider Manus's agentic AI technology—designed to help users perform tasks such as booking flights, screening resumes, creating trip itineraries, and analyzing stocks—vital to Chinese national security . While the review is in its early stages and regulators might ultimately choose not to intervene, such reviews can become formal probes and potentially result in penalties or demands for certain conditions before deal approval . One Chinese professor even warned on WeChat that Manus's founders could face criminal liability if they exported restricted technology without authorization

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. Gary Ng, a senior economist for Asia Pacific at investment bank Natixis, noted that "security has become the top concern for Chinese policymakers" and that "any tech transfer that could give the U.S. an edge in competitiveness will be heavily scrutinized"

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Broader Implications for China AI Ecosystem and Investment Restrictions

The concern in Beijing extends beyond this single transaction. Chinese officials worry the deal could encourage more Chinese startups to physically relocate to dodge domestic oversight and access foreign capital

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. Winston Ma, a professor at New York University School of Law and partner at Dragon Capital, told the Wall Street Journal that if the deal closes smoothly, "it creates a new path for the young AI startups in China"

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. History suggests Beijing could act decisively—China previously used similar export control mechanisms to intervene in Trump's attempted TikTok ban during his first term

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. Beijing has also been scrutinizing ByteDance's sale of TikTok US to American investors, which officials haven't yet formally approved .

Washington's Perspective on AI Talent Migration

Meanwhile, some U.S. analysts view the acquisition as a win for Washington's investment restrictions, arguing it demonstrates that AI talent is moving toward the American ecosystem. One expert told the Financial Times that the deal shows "the US AI ecosystem is currently more attractive"

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. U.S. regulators appear assured that the deal is legitimate despite earlier misgivings about Benchmark's investment in Manus

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. The tables have turned from the initial U.S. concerns, with Chinese technology export regulations now potentially giving Beijing leverage it wasn't initially perceived as having

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What's at Stake for Meta and the AI Assistant Platform Market

The investigation comes at a critical time for Meta, which announced the acquisition last month as part of CEO Mark Zuckerberg's latest multibillion-dollar AI bet to integrate advanced automation into its consumer and enterprise products . Manus's "general-purpose" AI agent can autonomously perform multi-step complex work, and the company said its annual recurring revenue had reached more than $100 million last month

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. It's too early to know if China's export control laws investigation will impact Meta's plans to integrate Manus's AI assistant platform software into its products, but this deal may have gotten more complicated than anyone anticipated

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. The outcome could set a precedent for how data transfers and cross-border mergers involving Chinese-origin technology are handled in the future, making this a case worth watching for anyone tracking the intersection of technology, national security, and international commerce.

Source: AP

Source: AP

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