Microsoft and Vatican Unveil AI-Powered Digital Twin of St. Peter's Basilica

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On Mon, 11 Nov, 4:02 PM UTC

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Microsoft collaborates with the Vatican to create a highly detailed digital replica of St. Peter's Basilica using AI and advanced imaging techniques, aiming to enhance visitor experience and aid in conservation efforts.

Groundbreaking Collaboration Between Microsoft and the Vatican

In a landmark project, Microsoft and the Vatican have unveiled a digital twin of St. Peter's Basilica, leveraging artificial intelligence to create an ultra-precise 3D replica of one of the world's most important monuments 1. This collaboration marks a significant intersection of cutting-edge technology and centuries-old heritage, offering new ways to explore and preserve this iconic religious landmark.

Advanced Technology Behind the Digital Twin

The creation of this digital replica involved capturing 400,000 high-resolution digital photographs using drones, cameras, and lasers over a four-week period when the basilica was closed to the public 2. The project, developed in collaboration with digital preservation company Iconem, incorporates an astounding 22 petabytes of data – enough to fill five million DVDs 1.

Microsoft's Azure platform processed these images using advanced photogrammetry techniques and AI algorithms to refine the 3D model, achieving millimeter-level accuracy 3. Brad Smith, Microsoft's president, described it as "one of the most technologically advanced and sophisticated projects of its kind" 4.

Enhancing Visitor Experience and Conservation Efforts

The digital twin serves multiple purposes. It allows virtual visitors worldwide to explore the basilica and learn about its rich history through an immersive online experience 3. Additionally, it introduces a novel reservation system for physical visits, aiming to manage the massive influx of visitors, especially in anticipation of the 2025 Jubilee 2.

Crucially, the AI-powered model has already proven valuable for conservation efforts. It has identified structural damage and signs of deterioration, such as missing mosaic pieces, cracks, and fissures invisible to the naked eye, with unprecedented speed and precision 1.

Ethical AI and Cultural Preservation

Pope Francis, while endorsing this technological marvel, has emphasized the need for ethical AI use. He recently called for an international treaty to regulate AI, stressing the importance of aligning technology with human values 5. The Pope expressed gratitude for how modern technology is helping to spread ancient faith and preserve world heritage 4.

This project is part of a broader initiative inspired by the Pope's 2018 call to promote ethically-minded AI. Microsoft has undertaken similar AI projects at other historical sites, including Mont Saint-Michel in France and Ancient Olympia in Greece 1, demonstrating a commitment to preserving cultural heritage through advanced technology.

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