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On Sat, 8 Feb, 8:02 AM UTC
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[1]
AI starts to help India's struggling farms
AFP - Each morning Indian farmer R Murali opens an app on his phone to check if his pomegranate trees need watering, fertiliser or are at risk from pests. "It is a routine," Murali, 51, told AFP at his farm in the southern state of Karnataka. Much of India's vast agricultural economy - employing more than 45 per cent of the workforce - remains deeply traditional, beset by problems made worse by extreme weather driven by climate change. Murali is part of an increasing number of growers in the world's most populous nation who have adopted artificial intelligence (AI)-powered tools, which he said helps him farm "more efficiently and effectively". "The app is the first thing I check as soon as I wake up," said Murali, whose farm is planted with sensors providing constant updates on soil moisture, nutrient levels and farm-level weather forecasts. He said the AI system developed by tech startup Fasal, which details when and how much water, fertiliser and pesticide is needed, has slashed costs by a fifth without reducing yields. "What we have built is a technology that allows crops to talk to their farmers," said Ananda Verma, a founder of Fasal, which serves around 12,000 farmers. Verma, 35, who began developing the system in 2017 to understand soil moisture as a "do-it-yourself" project for his father's farm, called it a tool "to make better decisions". But Fasal's products cost between USD57 and USD287 to install. That is a high price in a country where farmers' average monthly income is USD117, and where over 85 per cent of farms are smaller than two hectares, according to government figures. "We have the technology, but the availability of risk capital in India is limited," said Verma. New Delhi said it is determined to develop homegrown and low-cost AI, with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi to co-host an AI summit in France opening on Monday. Agriculture, which accounts for roughly 15 per cent of India's economy, is one area ripe for its application. Farms are in dire need of investment and modernisation. Water shortages, floods and increasingly erratic weather, as well as debt, have taken a heavy toll in an industry that employs roughly two-thirds of India's 1.4 billion population. India is already home to over 450 agritech startups with the sector's projected valuation at USD24 billion, according to a 2023 report by the government NITI Aayog think tank. But the report also warned that a lack of digital literacy often resulted in the poor adoption of agritech solutions. Among those companies is Niqo Robotics, which has developed a system using AI cameras attached to focused chemical spraying machines. Tractor-fitted sprays assess each plant to provide the ideal amount of chemicals, reducing input costs and limiting environmental damage, it said. Niqo claimed its users in Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh states have cut their outlay on chemicals by up to 90 per cent. At another startup, BeePrecise, Rishina Kuruvilla is part of team that has developed AI monitors measuring the health of beehives. That includes moisture, temperature and even the sound of bees - a way to track the queen bee's activities. Kuruvilla said the tool helped beekeepers harvest honey that is "a little more organic and better for consumption". But while AI tech is blossoming, takeup among farmers is slow because many cannot afford it. Agricultural economist RS Deshpande, a visiting professor at Bengaluru's Institute for Social and Economic Change, said the government must meet the cost. Many farmers "are surviving" only because they eat what they grow, he said. "Since they own a farm, they take the farm produce home," he said. "If the government is ready, India is ready."
[2]
AI starts to help India's struggling farms
Each morning Indian farmer R Murali opens an app on his phone to check if his pomegranate trees need watering, fertilizer or are at risk from pests. "It is a routine," Murali, 51, told AFP at his farm in the southern state of Karnataka. "Like praying to God every day." Much of India's vast agricultural economy -- employing more than 45 percent of the workforce -- remains deeply traditional, beset by problems made worse by extreme weather driven by climate change. Murali is part of an increasing number of growers in the world's most populous nation who have adopted artificial intelligence-powered tools, which he says helps him farm "more efficiently and effectively". "The app is the first thing I check as soon as I wake up," said Murali, whose farm is planted with sensors providing constant updates on soil moisture, nutrient levels and farm-level weather forecasts. He says the AI system developed by tech startup Fasal, which details when and how much water, fertilizer and pesticide is needed, has slashed costs by a fifth without reducing yields. "What we have built is a technology that allows crops to talk to their farmers," said Ananda Verma, a founder of Fasal, which serves around 12,000 farmers. Verma, 35, who began developing the system in 2017 to understand soil moisture as a "do-it-yourself" project for his father's farm, called it a tool "to make better decisions". That is a high price in a country where farmers' average monthly income is $117, and where over 85 percent of farms are smaller than two hectares (five acres), according to government figures. "We have the technology, but the availability of risk capital in India is limited," said Verma. New Delhi says it is determined to develop homegrown and low-cost AI, with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi to co-host an AI summit in France opening on Monday. Agriculture, which accounts for roughly 15 percent of India's economy, is one area ripe for its application. Farms are in dire need of investment and modernisation. Water shortages, floods and increasingly erratic weather, as well as debt, have taken a heavy toll in an industry that employs roughly two-thirds of India's 1.4 billion population. India is already home to over 450 agritech startups with the sector's projected valuation at $24 billion, according to a 2023 report by the government NITI Aayog think tank. But the report also warned that a lack of digital literacy often resulted in the poor adoption of agritech solutions. Buzzing Among those companies is Niqo Robotics, which has developed a system using AI cameras attached to focused chemical spraying machines. Tractor-fitted sprays assess each plant to provide the ideal amount of chemicals, reducing input costs and limiting environmental damage, it says. Niqo claims its users in Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh states have cut their outlay on chemicals by up to 90 percent. At another startup, BeePrecise, Rishina Kuruvilla is part of team that has developed AI monitors measuring the health of beehives. That includes moisture, temperature and even the sound of bees -- a way to track the queen bee's activities. Kuruvilla said the tool helped beekeepers harvest honey that is "a little more organic and better for consumption". State help But while AI tech is blossoming, takeup among farmers is slow because many cannot afford it. Agricultural economist RS Deshpande, a visiting professor at Bengaluru's Institute for Social and Economic Change, says the government must meet the cost. Many farmers "are surviving" only because they eat what they grow, he said.
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AI-powered tools are transforming farming practices in India, offering hope for increased efficiency and sustainability. However, high costs and digital literacy barriers pose challenges to widespread adoption.
In the southern Indian state of Karnataka, farmer R Murali's daily routine begins with a smartphone app that monitors his pomegranate trees. This AI-powered tool, developed by tech startup Fasal, provides real-time data on soil moisture, nutrient levels, and weather forecasts, revolutionizing traditional farming practices 12.
Murali reports that the AI system has significantly improved his farming efficiency, reducing costs by 20% without compromising yields. Ananda Verma, a founder of Fasal, describes their technology as enabling "crops to talk to their farmers," serving approximately 12,000 farmers across India 12.
The Indian government is actively promoting the development of homegrown, low-cost AI solutions. Prime Minister Narendra Modi is set to co-host an AI summit in France, underlining the country's commitment to this technology 12. With over 450 agritech startups and a projected market valuation of $24 billion, India's agricultural AI sector shows immense potential 1.
Several startups are introducing novel AI applications in agriculture:
Niqo Robotics: Developed AI-powered cameras for precise chemical spraying, reducing chemical usage by up to 90% in some states 12.
BeePrecise: Created AI monitors for beehives, tracking factors like moisture, temperature, and bee sounds to improve honey production 12.
Despite the promise of AI in agriculture, several obstacles hinder widespread adoption:
Cost: Fasal's products range from $57 to $287, a significant investment for many Indian farmers whose average monthly income is $117 1.
Farm Size: Over 85% of Indian farms are smaller than two hectares, limiting the resources available for technological investments 12.
Digital Literacy: A 2023 report by the government think tank NITI Aayog highlighted that poor digital literacy often results in low adoption rates of agritech solutions 12.
Agricultural economist RS Deshpande emphasizes the crucial role of government support in making AI technology accessible to farmers. Many small-scale farmers in India are subsistence farmers, relying on their produce for survival 12.
As India grapples with climate change-induced extreme weather events and the need to modernize its agricultural sector, AI presents a promising solution. However, the successful integration of these technologies will require addressing affordability issues and improving digital literacy among farmers 12.
Reference
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