Google Partners with Direct Air Capture Startup to Remove Carbon Emissions

Google announces deal with direct-air capture startup to remove carbon emissions

Google that it has entered a partnership with Holocene to support its direct-air capture technology for collecting and removing carbon dioxide emissions from the atmosphere. Under this $10 million deal, Google will purchase carbon removal credits from Holocene at a rate of $100 per metric ton. This is the price the US Department of Energy for direct-air capture technology to make it a viable part of efforts to reduce the rate at which we emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. As the name implies, direct-air capture can collect carbon dioxide out of the air, then concentrate the gas to be stored in underground reservoirs. It sounds great in theory, but the technology has proven expensive and difficult to scale. Google said its support should allow Holocene to capture and store 100,000 tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by the early 2030s, in addition to helping the company further refine its DAC technology. Holocene has a more detailed explanation of its DAC approach on its . Sustainability has become an important talking point for a lot of big tech. Google has made a big investment in buying carbon offsets, enough that it claims to have eliminated its entire "," and it aims to be carbon neutral by 2030. But its greenhouse gas emissions have risen in the past five years thanks to the intensive data center demands of AI usage.

Google buys into carbon capture scheme starting next decade

Mountain View backs startup Holocene, hoping to slash emissions costs Google intends to purchase carbon removal credits from a direct air capture provider to help offset its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, although the initiative isn't expected to kick off until the next decade. The Mountain View megacorp says it is following this approach with its chosen provider, Holocene, due to cost. While the startup's tech is still in the early stages of development, Google believes Holocene will be able to bring down the cost significantly to $100 per ton of carbon dioxide (CO) by the early 2030s. Like other cloud and IT giants, the Chocolate Factory is increasingly concerned about the carbon footprint of its activities, and says removal technologies are a key part in efforts to reach the goal of net zero emissions across its operations. Direct air capture (DAC) is promising, Google claims, because it uses chemical or physical processes to extract CO directly from the air, before disposing of it by storing it underground or reusing it in products. However, it also faces a long road to achieving commercial viability and scale, and costs need to come down dramatically for the tech to take off and draw investment from other companies and governments into DAC projects. According to The Chemical Engineer, there are essentially two DAC methods: a liquid-based capture process and a solid one. The liquid approach brings air into contact with an aqueous solution to capture CO, which is then heated in a closed loop to release it again. The other method uses solid sorbents (absorbent material) to soak up the CO then releases it using a combination of low pressure and high temperatures. A major challenge is the sheer amount of energy needed to operate DAC processes, The Chemical Engineer report says. Holocene's process is said to combine elements of both the liquid and solid processes. The company says it passes air through a man-made waterfall where an amino acid has been added to the water, drawing in the CO. The next stage concentrates CO from the water into a solid form, before the solid is heated to release it for storage. The liquid gets recycled back to the first stage, which Holocene claims is a key part in making its process more energy efficient. Low-temperature heat can be used to liberate the captured carbon and the chemical process uses widely available industrial equipment, which Holocene claims will allow it to scale economically. Google says it is willing to provide financial support for Holocene up front and has made a long-term commitment to accept credits from its facilities, scheduled for delivery in the early 2030s. We asked how much financial support it is providing, and will update if we get an answer. The internet giant admits the amount of CO Holocene will capture is nowhere near the volume needed on a planetary scale, but says delivering lower-cost DAC at a small scale is a first step towards reaching millions or possibly even billions of tons per year. Like other hyperscale companies, Google has seen its CO emissions rise recently due to the enormous energy-sucking process of training fashionable large-scale AI models. In its latest environmental report, Google admitted its greenhouse gas emissions had risen 48 percent since 2019. The company had earlier claimed to be carbon neutral by purchasing carbon offsets to match emissions from its operations, but abandoned this approach because its renewable energy matching differed from the way Scope 2 emissions are calculated in accordance with the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol), which it said also contributed to the reported rise. Such methods of claiming carbon neutrality have been labeled as "greenwashing" by environmental groups. Greenpeace last year criticized tech companies for relying on methods such as renewable energy certificates (RECs) to claim they are reducing their footprint, which it likened to simply writing a check to say you have cut Scope 2 emissions. Other critics of offsetting claim that it provides emitters with a "licence to pollute" and represents "a dangerous distraction" from decarbonization efforts. Google isn't the only hyperscaler getting into carbon removal. In July, Microsoft unveiled a deal with Occidental Petroleum to buy 500,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) credits over six years, said to be worth hundreds of millions of dollars. ®