U.S. Treasury Secretary Touts Nvidia-AMD China Deal as Potential Model for Future Trade Agreements

Reviewed byNidhi Govil

3 Sources

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent praises the unique 15% revenue-sharing agreement between the U.S. government and chip giants Nvidia and AMD for AI chip sales to China, suggesting it could be a blueprint for other industries.

Unprecedented Revenue-Sharing Agreement

In a surprising move, President Donald Trump has brokered a unique deal with chip giants Nvidia and Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), allowing them to resume sales of specific AI chips to China under a revenue-sharing agreement. The arrangement requires the companies to contribute 15% of their China chip sales revenue to the U.S. government 1.

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, a former hedge fund manager and George Soros protégé, has praised this agreement as a "unique solution" that could potentially serve as a model for other industries 2. In a television interview with Bloomberg Surveillance, Bessent stated, "I think we could see it in other industries over time. Right now, this is unique, but now that we have the model and the beta test, why not expand it?" 3

Source: Benzinga

Source: Benzinga

Specifics of the Deal

The agreement allows Nvidia to export its H20 accelerator chips and AMD to sell its MI308 processors to Chinese buyers. These chips have been specifically designed to comply with U.S. export controls while still meeting the demand for advanced AI technology in China 1. This arrangement marks a significant shift from the previous administration's approach, which had halted all sales of advanced chips to China due to national security concerns.

Bessent claims that the revenue collected from these chip sales will be directly applied to paying down the national debt. He also hinted at the possibility of channeling additional funds to taxpayers if the program proves successful 1.

Market Impact and Company Exposure

The deal's impact varies based on each company's exposure to the Chinese market. AMD faces greater China exposure, with approximately 24% of its fiscal 2024 net sales coming from China. This translates to about $6.2 billion in annual revenue. In contrast, Nvidia's dependence on Chinese revenue is around 13%, estimated at $17 billion 3.

Legal and Policy Implications

While Bessent and the Trump administration view this deal as a strategic approach to maintaining U.S. competitiveness without relinquishing leverage or security, the arrangement has sparked considerable debate among legal experts and policymakers.

Gary Hufbauer of the Peterson Institute for International Economics called the deal "bizarre" and "troubling," noting that Congress had no input on the revenue-sharing condition attached to export licenses. He emphasized that "direct revenue-sharing agreements negotiated by the president and individual firms are without precedent in U.S. trade history" 13.

The legal basis for this arrangement is unclear, as it is not a traditional tax but rather a condition attached to export licenses. This has raised questions about the extent of executive power in trade negotiations and the potential need for congressional oversight.

Potential for Expansion

Bessent's enthusiasm for the deal suggests that the administration may be considering similar arrangements in other industries. This could potentially reshape U.S. trade policy, moving away from outright bans and restrictions towards more nuanced approaches that allow for continued engagement with global markets while maintaining leverage in negotiations with countries like China 1.

As this new model is tested and evaluated, it will likely face scrutiny from various stakeholders, including lawmakers, industry leaders, and international trade partners. The success or failure of this "beta test," as Bessent calls it, could have far-reaching implications for U.S. trade policy and international business relations in the coming years.

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