AMD Faces $800 Million Charge as US Tightens AI Chip Export Controls to China

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AMD anticipates an $800 million charge due to new US export licensing requirements for its MI308 AI chips to China and other countries, highlighting the escalating tech trade tensions between the US and China.

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AMD Faces Significant Financial Impact from New Export Controls

Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) has announced that it may incur charges of up to $800 million due to new US government export licensing requirements for its MI308 artificial intelligence chips to China and other specified countries. This development comes as part of the ongoing efforts by the US administration to restrict China's access to advanced AI technologies 1.

Details of the Export Control Measures

The new license requirement, implemented by the US government, applies to the export of certain semiconductor products, specifically AMD's MI308 AI accelerators, to China (including Hong Kong and Macau) and D:5 countries. AMD completed its initial assessment of this requirement on April 15, 2025, and disclosed the potential financial impact in a filing with the US Securities and Exchange Commission 2.

Broader Impact on the AI Chip Industry

AMD is not alone in facing the consequences of these tightened export controls. Nvidia, another major player in the AI chip market, expects to make a $5.5 billion write-off related to its H20 GPUs, which are also subject to the new restrictions 2. These measures are part of the US government's strategy to maintain its edge in artificial intelligence and prevent China from outpacing it in this critical technology sector.

US Government's Stance

The US Department of Commerce has stated that these new requirements are in line with "the President's directive to safeguard our national and economic security" 5. The move represents an escalation in the ongoing tech trade tensions between the United States and China, with significant implications for the global AI industry.

AMD's Response and Future Plans

AMD has indicated that it plans to apply for export licenses for its MI308 products. However, the company acknowledges that there is no guarantee these licenses will be granted 1. This uncertainty leaves AMD in a precarious position, potentially stuck with a substantial inventory of high-performance AI chips that it cannot sell to one of its key markets.

Challenges in Enforcement and Market Adaptation

Despite the US government's efforts, there are indications that these export controls may face challenges in implementation. Reports suggest that some Chinese businesses have found ways to import sanctioned AI chips through intermediaries in nearby countries 2. This situation highlights the complexities of enforcing such restrictions in a globalized tech industry.

Implications for AMD's Business Strategy

The export controls on the MI308 chips represent a significant setback for AMD's growing Instinct business. The company had been making strides in the AI accelerator market, with its MI300X chip showing competitive performance against Nvidia's offerings 3. The $800 million charge, which amounts to about 16 percent of AMD's Instinct revenues for fiscal 2024, underscores the importance of the Chinese market for the company's AI chip business.

As the situation unfolds, AMD may need to explore alternative strategies, such as redesigning its chips to comply with new performance limits or repurposing the affected inventory for other markets where export is still permitted 3. The company's ability to navigate these challenges will be crucial for its position in the highly competitive AI chip market.

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