US imposes 25% tariff on Nvidia and AMD AI chips bound for China, turning restrictions into revenue

Reviewed byNidhi Govil

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The Trump administration has formalized a 25% tariff on advanced AI semiconductors from Nvidia and AMD shipped to China. The move converts previous export restrictions into a government revenue stream while allowing chip sales to resume. Nvidia's H200 and AMD's MI325X processors face the levy when imported to the US before reexport, though domestic AI infrastructure remains exempt.

Trump Administration Converts Export Controls Into Revenue Stream

President Donald Trump signed a proclamation on Wednesday implementing a 25% tariff on AI chips destined for China, formalizing an arrangement first announced in December when the White House reversed its policy prohibiting advanced AI hardware exports

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. The new export tariff specifically targets Nvidia H200 and AMD MI325X processors that are manufactured abroad, imported into the United States, and then transshipped to customers around the world

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. "We're going to be making 25 percent on the sale of those chips, basically. So we're allowing them to do it, but the United States is getting 25 percent of the chips in terms of the dollar value," Trump stated from the Oval Office

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Source: Korea Times

Source: Korea Times

How the 25% Tariff on AI Chips Works

The tariff applies to advanced AI semiconductors produced outside the US that pass through American territory before reaching foreign customers. Both Nvidia and AMD rely on Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company to fabricate their processors, including the H200 and MI325X chips now subject to the levy

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. Chips imported to build domestic AI infrastructure, support US data centers, or serve research and defense purposes remain exempt from the tariff

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. The measure relies on Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act, which allows tariffs justified by national security concerns, providing different legal footing from emergency powers Trump invoked for other global levies currently facing a Supreme Court challenge

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Source: Benzinga

Source: Benzinga

Nvidia and AMD Sales to China Face Uncertain Future

Despite the US green light for exports, it remains unclear whether Beijing will permit imports. Chinese customs officials recently instructed logistics companies at the country's ports not to submit clearing requests for H200 chips, though whether this directive is temporary remains unknown

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. Beijing has been pushing tech companies to use domestic chips as part of its self-sufficiency strategy in semiconductor production

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. However, major Chinese companies including Alibaba, ByteDance, and Tencent prefer American processors because of their higher performance and easier maintenance

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. The Chinese central government is reportedly drafting rules on how many semiconductors Chinese companies can purchase from overseas, which could represent a reversal from the country's current resistance to chip imports

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National Security Probe Could Lead to Broader Tariffs

Wednesday's proclamation warned that a second phase of the national security probe could result in "broader tariffs on imports of semiconductors and their derivative products"

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. Trump directed Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick and US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer to pursue negotiations on imports and report back in 90 days. The president has threatened to hit semiconductors with tariffs up to 100 percent but has offered carve-outs to companies pledging to expand domestic chip manufacturing capacity

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. The White House noted that the US currently manufactures only approximately 10% of the chips it requires while consuming 25% of the global market, creating significant economic and national security risks

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Source: Ars Technica

Source: Ars Technica

Push for Domestic Chip Manufacturing Gains Momentum

The tariff structure is designed to incentivize companies to shift production to American soil. Nvidia committed to spending $500 billion over four years on manufacturing its products in the US, while TSMC has been building facilities in Arizona as part of a $165 billion investment project

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. The new TSMC plant started producing Nvidia's most advanced Blackwell chips in October

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. Top Taiwanese officials traveled to Washington on Wednesday for talks on finalizing a deal to lower Taiwan's overall tariff rate to 15% and expand TSMC production facilities in the US. The measures also prevent companies from designing cut-down versions of their products to circumvent export restrictions, like the Nvidia B40 and AMD MI308

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Industry Response and US China Trade Implications

Nvidia welcomed the US move, stating Trump's policy "strikes a thoughtful balance that is great for America"

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. AMD said it complies with all US export laws and policies

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. The decision represents a significant victory for Nvidia, whose CEO Jensen Huang forged a close relationship with Trump to persuade the president that export controls on technology only boost Chinese domestic giants like Huawei Technologies. However, the move has provoked criticism from Democrats and national security hawks in Washington who argue it will embolden an adversary keen on gaining ground in the AI race. The tariffs affect not just China but also American companies building data centers in Europe, India, and other tech-heavy regions across the globe, as the US government revenue stream now extends to all non-domestic deployments

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. The arrangement signals Trump's transactional approach to the trade war, where restrictions transform into profit opportunities for Washington while supply chains remain dependent on foreign manufacturing

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