US Lawmakers Propose Tracking Technology for Nvidia AI Chips to Combat Smuggling to China

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A bipartisan bill aims to implement tracking and potential disabling mechanisms for advanced AI chips, particularly those made by Nvidia, to prevent smuggling into China and enforce export controls.

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Proposed Legislation to Track AI Chips

U.S. Representative Bill Foster, a Democrat from Illinois and former particle physicist, is planning to introduce a bill that would require advanced AI chipmakers like Nvidia to implement built-in location reporting systems

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. This legislation aims to address the ongoing issue of chip smuggling to China, which has persisted despite export controls implemented by both the Trump and Biden administrations

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Technical Aspects of the Proposed Tracking System

The proposed tracking technology would utilize existing features in Nvidia's chips to communicate with a secure server. The system would determine the chip's general location at the country level by measuring the time difference between when the chip sends a signal and when the server receives it

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. Independent technical experts have confirmed the feasibility of this approach.

Additional Measures and Bipartisan Support

Rep. Foster's bill goes beyond mere tracking, proposing that chips should be prevented from booting if they detect they lack proper export licenses

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. While this aspect presents more significant technical challenges, Foster believes it warrants further discussion with chip manufacturers.

The proposed legislation has garnered bipartisan support. Representatives from both parties, including Raja Krishnamoorthi (D) and John Moolenaar (R), have expressed their backing for the concept

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Current Export Control Challenges

The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS), responsible for enforcing export controls, currently lacks resources and relies heavily on voluntary compliance from chipmakers

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. The proposed tracking system would provide the BIS with crucial information about the location of chips after sale, enabling more effective enforcement of export restrictions

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Impact on Nvidia and the AI Industry

Nvidia, a key player in the AI chip market, has previously stated it cannot track its products after sale

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. The company faces potential financial impacts from export restrictions, with recent reports indicating up to $5.5 billion in charges associated with certain product lines due to these limitations

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Concerns Over China's AI Advancements

The urgency for such measures stems from reports of Chinese businesses using smuggled Nvidia chips for advanced AI models, such as DeepSeek

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. Foster emphasized that this is not a hypothetical future problem but a current issue with potential national security implications

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Privacy and Implementation Concerns

While the proposed tracking system aims to provide only country-level location data, concerns about privacy and the technical feasibility of remote disablement may arise

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. The implementation of such measures could face challenges and potential resistance from industry stakeholders.

Global AI Competition and Export Control Landscape

The proposed legislation reflects the ongoing competition between the U.S. and China in AI technology. As the U.S. government continues to refine its approach to export controls, the effectiveness of these measures in maintaining technological advantage remains a subject of debate

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