U.S. Secretly Embeds Trackers in AI Chip Shipments to Enforce Export Controls

Reviewed byNidhi Govil

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U.S. authorities are covertly placing location tracking devices in shipments of advanced AI chips and servers to detect illegal diversions to China, highlighting intensified efforts to enforce semiconductor export restrictions.

U.S. Covert Tracking of AI Chip Shipments

In a significant development in the ongoing "chip war" between the United States and China, U.S. authorities have reportedly been secretly embedding location tracking devices in shipments of advanced AI chips and servers. This covert operation aims to detect and prevent the illegal diversion of these critical technologies to China, which is subject to U.S. export restrictions

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Source: SiliconANGLE

Source: SiliconANGLE

The Tracking Mechanism

According to sources familiar with the matter, the trackers are typically hidden in the packaging of server shipments from major manufacturers such as Dell and Super Micro, which include chips from industry leaders Nvidia and AMD

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. The devices range in size, with some reportedly as large as a smartphone, and in some cases, have even been found within the servers themselves

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Government Agencies Involved

The operation involves multiple U.S. government agencies, including:

  1. The Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security
  2. Homeland Security Investigations
  3. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

These agencies are working in concert to enforce export controls and build cases against individuals and companies profiting from violating U.S. export restrictions

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Historical Context and Precedent

The use of tracking devices in export control enforcement is not new. U.S. law enforcement agencies have employed this tactic for decades to monitor shipments of various restricted items, including airplane parts

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. The practice gained public attention in 2014 when Edward Snowden's revelations exposed the NSA's use of "backdoor surveillance tools" in routers and other computer hardware destined for foreign countries

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Impact on Manufacturers and Chip Companies

Source: Benzinga

Source: Benzinga

Major tech companies have responded differently to the reports:

  • Dell stated it was "not aware of a U.S. Government initiative to place trackers in its product shipments"

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  • Super Micro declined to comment on specific tracking actions

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  • Nvidia emphatically denied installing secret tracking devices in its products

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  • AMD did not respond to requests for comment

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Broader Implications for U.S.-China Relations

This revelation comes at a time of heightened tensions in U.S.-China relations, particularly in the technology sector. The U.S. has been tightening export controls on advanced semiconductors to China since 2022, citing national security concerns and the need to curb Chinese military technological development

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Source: Economic Times

Source: Economic Times

Challenges and Countermeasures

Despite these efforts, chip smugglers have become aware of the tracking devices and have begun routinely inspecting and removing them from shipments

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. This cat-and-mouse game underscores the challenges faced by U.S. authorities in enforcing export controls in an increasingly complex global supply chain.

Policy Considerations

The use of trackers aligns with broader U.S. efforts to control the export of advanced technologies. Both houses of Congress have proposed requiring U.S. chip firms to include location verification technology in their products to prevent diversion to restricted countries

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. However, this has drawn criticism from China, which views these measures as part of a campaign to suppress its technological rise

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As the AI chip arms race intensifies, this covert tracking operation highlights the lengths to which the U.S. government is willing to go to maintain its technological edge and enforce its export policies. The situation remains fluid, with potential implications for international trade, technological development, and geopolitical relations in the years to come.

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