Nvidia cuts Asian buyers by half while US grants ZTE access to H200 AI chips amid China tensions

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Nvidia has slashed its list of authorized Asian customers by more than half following pressure from Washington to prevent AI chip smuggling into China. The company introduced a strict whitelist requiring tougher compliance checks. Meanwhile, Chinese telecom giant ZTE received US approval to purchase Nvidia H200 AI chips, joining Alibaba, Tencent, and ByteDance in accessing Hopper architecture technology.

Nvidia Implements Strict Whitelist Amid AI Chip Smuggling Crackdown

Nvidia has more than halved the number of Asian customers authorized to purchase its Nvidia AI chips, implementing a new whitelist of vetted companies that passed stricter compliance checks

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. The move follows intense pressure from Washington to tighten enforcement of US export controls and prevent advanced AI GPUs from reaching China through third-party channels. According to the Financial Times, the company has stepped up due diligence in Singapore, Malaysia, and Japan—three jurisdictions that have featured most prominently in chip-diversion cases over the past two years

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Source: Market Screener

Source: Market Screener

The tightened vetting process excluded more than half of Nvidia's previous customers in these regions, particularly neo-cloud providers and specialized cloud platforms for AI workloads

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. Companies that failed the initial review can reapply after making changes. Nvidia's compliance checks now include sending staff to customer data centers, verifying contracts, and interviewing end users to ensure businesses are genuine rather than shell companies designed to forward GPUs into China

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ZTE Gains Access to Nvidia H200 AI Chips Despite Restrictions

In a notable development amid escalating US-China chip trade tensions, Chinese telecommunications giant ZTE and server firm Maginfra have received US approval to purchase Nvidia H200 AI chips based on the Hopper architecture

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. ZTE joins approximately 10 Chinese companies, including Alibaba, Tencent, ByteDance, and JD.com, that have received US clearance for these purchases. Additionally, an apparent subsidiary of Kingsoft Cloud received approval to buy AMD accelerators equivalent to the H200, presumably Instinct MI300X-class chips

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Source: Wccftech

Source: Wccftech

However, uncertainty remains over whether Chinese authorities will approve imports, as Beijing has adopted a protectionist stance to grow domestic chip production and has discouraged firms from purchasing foreign technology

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. The current status of US restrictions on AI chip exports allows Chinese firms to buy AI chips up to and including the Hopper family with a 25% export tariff, though final decisions are made case-by-case. Access to newer Blackwell processors remains prohibited under official channels

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Billion-Dollar Black Market Fuels Geopolitical Tensions

The crackdown on AI chip smuggling intensified after multiple high-profile investigations revealed the scope of illicit trade. In March, US prosecutors charged Supermicro co-founder Yih-Shyan "Wally" Liaw and two other suspects for allegedly smuggling $2.5 billion worth of Nvidia hardware into China

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. A separate investigation by the Financial Times in July 2025 claimed that more than $1 billion worth of Nvidia AI GPUs were smuggled into China over just a three-month period

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The black market has thrived due to extraordinary demand in China, where six months ago tech firms had more than two million H200 chips on order—far exceeding Nvidia's available supply at the time

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. Restricted Nvidia hardware has commanded a heavy scarcity premium inside China, with B300 servers reportedly selling for around $1 million, nearly double the US list price

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. This margin has funded creative logistics and smuggling operations across Asia.

Compliance Enforcement and Industry Impact

The Department of Commerce has provided oversight and political backing for Nvidia's compliance efforts

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. In May, the Commerce Department's Bureau of Industry and Security issued guidance clarifying that an export license is required for advanced computing chips going to any entity whose ultimate parent is headquartered in China or Macau, regardless of where that entity operates

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. This single clarification transformed the question from shipping logistics to corporate ownership verification.

Despite US approval for H200 sales, a US trade official stated during a congressional hearing that "very few shipments against licenses for H200s and equivalents have taken place. It's a very small quantity of chips"

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. Beijing's refusal to allow Chinese companies to buy H200 chips—even after Washington approved sales—reflects China's commitment to protecting its domestic semiconductor manufacturers. One tech executive told the Financial Times that all domestic suppliers are sold out and companies are considering less powerful chips to meet immediate needs

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Source: Wccftech

Source: Wccftech

The whitelist implementation places legitimate Malaysian and Singaporean operators in an awkward position, as companies that have done nothing wrong may find themselves excluded due to shareholders they cannot easily explain

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. The route back requires a reapplication process whose criteria Nvidia has not publicly disclosed. This creates competitive challenges, as cutting more than half of the regional buyer base hands business to suppliers who can provide comparable compute without compliance overhead—increasingly meaning Chinese domestic chipmakers

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