Model Context Protocol's biggest update targets enterprise scale with stateless architecture

With a stateless makeover, new MCP spec targets enterprise scale

This week, the Model Context Protocol (MCP), an open-source standard for how AI systems interact with external tools and data sources, saw its largest update since its introduction. Most notably, MCP's protocol core is now stateless, so requests are no longer dependent on a session tied to an individual server instance. This change has the potential to address long-standing barriers to scalability. The blog post announcing the specification, written by lead maintainers David Soria Parra and Den Delimarsky (who both work at Anthropic), says: The highlight of this release is a stateless protocol core -- MCP is transforming from a bidirectional stateful protocol into a request/response stateless protocol. It was one of the most highly-requested features from developers who were eager to get better reliability and scalability for their MCP servers. This update is "MCP's most important since remote MCP first launched over a year ago," Soria Parra also wrote. In addition, the update adds "Multi Round-Trip Requests, header-based routing, cacheable list results, authorization hardening, a formal extensions framework, and updated Tier 1 SDKs." The hope is that the changes, detailed in the protocol's documentation, will make widespread deployment in an enterprise context much easier. MCP started as something that simply ran on a local machine, connecting models to local apps, so the new spec is a major rethink of some of its foundations. There is also a new deprecation policy that ensures at least 12 months between when a feature's formal deprecation is enacted and when the feature may actually be removed -- with a narrow exception for critical security updates. This is again in keeping with the general "let's make this work better at enterprise scale" theme of the new specification. MCP is managed by the Agentic AI Foundation (AAIF), which sits under the Linux Foundation. MCP was originally introduced by Anthropic, just shy of two years ago, and Anthropic still has significant influence over its direction. Nonetheless, it has grown beyond just Anthropic -- OpenAI, Google, Microsoft, and Amazon also contribute to it -- and it's supported by many developer tools and, increasingly, a wide range of software and services used for other knowledge and creative work. The buck technically stops with individual maintainers, not any of these companies themselves, but as noted above, some of the principal maintainers currently work at Anthropic.

MCP gets an enterprise makeover

The Agentic AI Foundation, part of the Linux Foundation, has released an update to the Model Context Protocol (MCP) that aims to help enterprises adopt AI-based automation. Open-sourced by Anthropic in November 2024, MCP provides a way for AI applications (agents) based on models like GPT-5.6 Sol or Claude Opus 5 to connect to existing data sources, tools, or other applications. It defines how content is exchanged in a client-server architecture. "The new release is MCP's most important since remote MCP first launched over a year ago," wrote David Soria Parra, a member of technical staff at Anthropic and co-inventor of MCP, in a blog post. "It is a leap in serving scalable MCP servers and takes all the lessons learned over the last 18 months to provide a robust foundation for MCP's future." The latest version of the specification does away with the legacy stateful architecture, making it more like HTTP services where network requests do not need to retain the state of the session. "Historically, running MCP at scale required sticky routing or shared state to maintain continuity across sessions," explained Caitie McCaffrey, a Microsoft software engineer and core MCP maintainer, in a blog post. "This made large-scale production deployments complex to implement and operate even when the capabilities being exposed were stateless." The revised protocol changes the underlying architecture to eliminate the overhead of managing session state, which allows organizations to run MCP servers behind standard load balancers on existing Kubernetes and DevOps tooling. The version 2026-07-28 release also includes a Specification Feature Lifecycle and Deprecation Policy, because large companies want clear roadmaps and timelines when it comes to software changes. "The goal is a predictable timeline that SDK authors and implementers can plan migrations against when protocol surface area is retired," the documentation explains. The revised spec comes with a new policy that guarantees a minimum period of 12 months between feature deprecation and removal, which should please enterprise engineering teams, since they'll need to make fewer updates to MCP servers. On the security front, the latest spec revision adds Specification Enhancement Proposal (SEP) 2468, which calls for the inclusion and validation of an issuer (iss) parameter in authorization responses. This should help prevent OAuth Mixup Attacks. An attack of this sort can occur when an OAuth client connects to multiple OAuth providers via multiple MCP servers. If an attacker controls one of these servers, the miscreant could potentially obtain an access token or code from one of the other servers. Checking the iss parameter defends against that particular attack vector. Large organizations should also appreciate support for the Enterprise Managed Authorization extension, which makes it possible to manage MCP servers through a central identity provider. Another improvement involves the evolution of tasks - long-running tool calls or batch operations - into an extension. The main benefit is that tasks shift from a blocking request to an asynchronous request. "The payoff is operational resilience at scale," explains McCaffrey. "Because a task is durable and addressed by a stable handle, clients can persist task IDs to durable storage so that polling can resume after a crash or restart -- no fragile, long-lived connections held open while waiting for work to finish, which the old blocking model forced on clients and servers that did not want to implement it." Other notable additions include header-based routing and cacheable list results. Some migration cost is expected, particularly for developers who implemented MCP code that relies on session identifiers. ®

MCP just got its biggest update ever -- here's what changes for AI agents

The Model Context Protocol, the open standard that has quietly become the connective tissue between AI agents and the world's software, is getting its largest update since Anthropic released it twenty months ago -- a sweeping architectural revision that its maintainers and backers say finally makes agentic AI ready for massive enterprise production deployments. The update, released today under the stewardship of the Agentic AI Foundation (AAIF), a directed fund under the Linux Foundation, finalizes MCP's transition to a fully stateless architecture, hardens its authentication model against a known class of attacks, establishes a formal 12-month deprecation policy, and graduates two headline capabilities -- interactive server-rendered interfaces and long-running asynchronous tasks -- into official protocol extensions. The changes may sound arcane. Their consequences are anything but. According to the announcement, running MCP at scale has historically required "sticky routing" or shared state to maintain continuity across sessions -- an operational burden that made large production deployments complex even when the underlying capabilities were simple. The new release removes that bottleneck entirely, letting organizations run MCP servers behind standard load balancers using the Kubernetes and cloud-native DevOps tooling they already operate. "Some people jokingly call it a v2, and I think in spirit that's accurate," David Soria Parra, MCP's co-creator and a lead maintainer at Anthropic, told VentureBeat in an exclusive interview. "It's probably the biggest change we've ever made to the protocol, and with that, it's a big step up in maturing it for use by really big players." Why stateless architecture is the key to running AI agents at enterprise scale To understand why the industry's largest companies pushed for this release, it helps to understand what was broken. Under the old design, an MCP client -- the AI application making requests -- had to maintain a persistent session with a specific server instance. In modern cloud environments, where fleets of interchangeable compute nodes spin up and down behind load balancers, that requirement was poison. If the specific server holding your session state disappeared, your agent's work disappeared with it. "Before, you needed to have a session store and manage session IDs -- and if one of your compute pods went down, all of a sudden the requests would start failing," said Den Delimarsky, a lead maintainer of the protocol, in an interview with VentureBeat. "That's not going to be a problem with the new version of the protocol. That's a huge unlock, and it's one we collaborated with folks across many companies to put together." Mazin Gilbert, executive director of the AAIF and a veteran of Google and AT&T, framed the change in historical terms -- comparing it to the architectural decision that made the web itself possible. "That stateless capability enables your MCP client to speak to a load balancer that connects with any server. You don't need the stickiness," Gilbert told VentureBeat. "You could not have the internet we have today if my browser couldn't speak to any website -- with any server supporting that connection. You can switch between servers behind a load balancer." Gilbert said the constraint had become the primary blocker for companies trying to move AI agents from pilots into production. "I've come across companies who are deploying tens of thousands of agents, and you cannot do that without having to go in this direction," he said. Crucially, he argued, the obstacle was never the AI itself: "It wasn't the technology, it wasn't the business case, it was really these fundamental changes that were required." The tension is nearly as old as the protocol. A public design discussion opened by MCP co-creator Justin Spahr-Summers on GitHub in December 2024 -- just weeks after launch -- flagged that MCP's long-lived, stateful connections were limiting for serverless deployments, and sketched three possible paths forward, including the fully stateless option the protocol has now largely embraced. Engineers from Vercel, Cloudflare, Shopify, and Amazon weighed in over the following months, a preview of the multi-vendor collaboration that would eventually define the project. The core maintainers formally committed to the direction at a December 2025 meeting on the future of MCP transports, according to the announcement. The trade-offs of removing state from the Model Context Protocol Protocol design is a game of trade-offs, and the maintainers were unusually candid about what this one cost. First, payloads get bigger. "A lot of the state doesn't disappear, but it's moved back and forth with the server on the wire, at the actual transport layer," Soria Parra explained. "You get bigger payloads in return for statelessness -- but luckily they're very compressible and very well understood, and still fairly small in comparison to an HTTP request on the web." Second, a handful of rarely used capabilities are gone or narrowed. Out-of-band server logging -- where a server could push informational log messages to a client at any moment -- no longer works in the new model. The team did its homework before cutting it: "As part of the whole exercise, we scraped all of GitHub and looked at who is using it -- and it's basically nobody," Soria Parra said. Those affected amount to "probably a handful of people -- quite literally a handful of people." He even allowed himself a moment of engineering self-deprecation. "I'm sad that things I thought were useful turned out not to be useful," he said. "I think one of the bigger trade-offs was more about my ego than any actual limitation of the protocol." Delimarsky argued the shift is less a removal of state than a deliberate transfer of responsibility. "With statelessness, we did shift the responsibility of creating and managing state to the developers -- but very intentionally so," he said. Under the old protocol, "a lot of folks had a hard time understanding: Do I need to use this? Where do I use this? How do I use this? Removing that burden basically says: look, now you can manage state in the way that makes sense for your environment." For most developers, migration should be nearly painless, because the vast majority of the ecosystem builds on official SDKs in TypeScript, Python, C#, Rust, Java, and other languages, which will absorb the changes. "One of the key things we constantly do is double-check that the upgrade path is minimal -- to the point where any model in the world will probably one-shot it for you," Soria Parra said -- a telling remark in itself, reflecting an era in which protocol maintainers now design migrations to be trivially executable by AI coding assistants. How a 12-month deprecation policy gives enterprises the stability guarantee they demanded Perhaps the most enterprise-flavored feature of the release isn't code at all. It's a policy. The new formal deprecation framework guarantees developers a minimum of twelve months between a feature's formal deprecation and its earliest possible removal -- the kind of stability contract that lets a Fortune 500 engineering organization commit to a specification without fearing silent breakage. The number wasn't picked arbitrarily. "We consulted with folks like Google, Microsoft, and Amazon to find out: in your deployment environment, what's the right path for making these kinds of changes?" Delimarsky said. "Twelve months seemed like the reasonable middle ground." He stressed that features are not being torn out on a whim: "It's not about ripping stuff out of the protocol just because we don't like it. There's a very, very strong industry pull behind these changes." Soria Parra added that the maintainers' own telemetry supports the figure -- most of the ecosystem upgrades within six to eight months -- and stressed that the window functions more as a listening period than a countdown clock. "It just says that in 12 months we are open to remove it, but both Den and I can change our minds based on feedback," he said. "I think it's more of a feedback period than a definite period." Gilbert sees the policy as one leg of a three-legged stool of enterprise trust, alongside open standards and stateless scale. "There are companies deploying things at a smaller scale, but they're slowed down because of MCP's authorization gap, because of identity, because of -- do they trust the deprecation policy? Things could change basically any day," he said. Those companies, he argued, "are going to benefit not because of the statelessness. They're going to benefit because of the security." New authentication hardening closes OAuth mix-up attacks before hackers could exploit them The release also ships significant authorization hardening, aligning MCP's auth specification with how OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect are actually deployed in practice. Most notably, the protocol now enforces mandatory validation of the issuer (iss) parameter -- a protocol-level defense that, according to the announcement, closes an entire class of so-called mix-up attacks, in which a client can be tricked into associating an authorization response with the wrong identity server. Was anyone actually attacked? No, Delimarsky said -- this was preventive engineering, not incident response. "This is not something that is gated in any existing vulnerabilities or active exploitation," he said. "This is more of us engaging directly with the security community." The philosophy, he explained, is to borrow rather than invent: "MCP as a protocol is very much establishing the pattern of: we do not want to reinvent the wheel, but we also want to be at the forefront of a lot of the security innovation." That posture is most visible in the new Enterprise Managed Authorization extension, developed in close collaboration with identity provider Okta, which lets organizations make their corporate identity provider the authoritative gatekeeper for MCP server access. "If I'm somebody that manages tens, hundreds of MCP servers for my organization, I want to make sure that I enforce some level of common governance, where folks auth with their corporate credentials and not their personal credentials, so that the client doesn't send data to sources that are unauthorized," Delimarsky said. Okta bootstrapped the underlying open standard, he noted, and the maintainers then worked "to make sure that it's adopted ecosystem-wide, and it's not something that is specific to only one vendor or provider." More is coming: Delimarsky said proposals are already on deck for demonstrated proof-of-possession and workload identity federation -- capabilities requested by security teams running MCP in production. Gilbert connected the work to a broader maturation: "MCP has now bridged that gap with these authorization protocols, so it's basically now becoming what we call enterprise ready, versus an open lab sort of experiment." MCP Apps and Tasks become official extensions, pushing AI agents beyond text responses Two capabilities graduate to official extension status in this release, taking advantage of a new framework that lets extensions evolve on their own timelines, independent of the core specification -- a structural choice that lets the protocol grow without bloating its core. MCP Apps allows servers to ship rich, interactive, server-rendered user interfaces directly into AI clients -- moving agent output beyond walls of text toward dashboards, forms, and visualizations, and dramatically accelerating development of user-facing agentic applications, according to the announcement. MCP Tasks tackles the reality that not every tool call finishes in one round trip. Instead of holding fragile, long-lived connections open while a batch job or heavy computation grinds away, servers now return a durable task handle; clients can disconnect, crash, restart, and resume polling. "You've been processing some audio for a podcast or a video -- it can notify back the client and say, hey, the task is done. You don't need to wait and keep the stream open," Delimarsky said. A third addition, multi-round-trip requests, lets servers and clients negotiate back and forth within a single logical operation. "It's not just a one-shot -- over the stream, get the input and you're done," Delimarsky said. "You can actually interact, server to client, to get the right parameters to execute an action." Soria Parra emphasized that these capabilities emerged from the same source as the architectural overhaul: heavyweight production users. "This is a version that came together by some of the best distributed systems experts at Microsoft, Google, and others coming together and working on this for their specific needs -- and the needs of the industry at large," he said. How independent is MCP from Anthropic under Linux Foundation governance? Anthropic created MCP in November 2024 and donated it to the newly formed AAIF under the Linux Foundation in December 2025, alongside founding projects from Block and OpenAI. Seven months later, the independence question still hangs over the project -- and both sides addressed it head-on. Soria Parra was disarmingly direct about the residual power he holds. As lead maintainer and Anthropic employee, "I do have veto rights, technically," he acknowledged -- "but I think we have never actively used it in any kind of discussion." The core maintainer group now spans Anthropic, Microsoft, OpenAI, Google, and Amazon, with contributions from companies like Block, and key decisions "are usually unanimous," he said. "Technically we have a lot of influence; de facto, we're not exerting any of it." He added that governance will progressively broaden: "As the project progresses, we will increasingly move to more different governing structures that include more and more people." Gilbert, who has helped stand up multiple foundations during his time working with the Linux Foundation, offered the numbers behind the neutrality claim. The AAIF has grown from roughly 40 members at its December inauguration to 240 today -- "the fastest growing foundation" in Linux Foundation history by membership, he said, "signing up one member every day." Anthropic's share of contributions, by his estimate, has fallen below half. "Holding control of a project doesn't make it an open standard," Gilbert said. "You have to let go. You have to contribute, and you have to grow the pie and the community. And Anthropic has done an incredible job doing exactly that." Notably, the foundation's membership has expanded well beyond tech vendors into retail, finance, and telecom companies -- adopters who, Gilbert says, "are no longer just deploying the protocols. They want a voice, and they want to be at the table to influence the protocol from the get-go, and that's something we have not seen before." The roster now includes CERN and, tellingly, Consumer Reports -- "because somebody has to defend consumers when this internet of agents comes alive." Keeping one global AI agent standard amid US-China technology tensions The AAIF is betting that neutrality can hold even amid geopolitical friction. The foundation will host AGNTCon and MCPCon events this fall in Shanghai, Tokyo, Amsterdam, and San Jose, with additional events planned in South Korea, Nairobi, and Toronto, and Gilbert said he is personally investing in growing membership across Asia and India, where he sees underdeveloped growth markets for the foundation. His answer to the geopolitics question was emphatic model-agnosticism. "We're completely agnostic to what the model is, whether the model is Kimi, or Gemma, or a frontier model from Anthropic, or from anybody," he said. "Every model will have to support MCP -- whether it is a Chinese model or whether it is a U.S. model, it doesn't matter. The protocols must be open, standardized." The logic is economic as much as diplomatic. Enterprises, Gilbert argued, increasingly pick models "left, right, and center" based on the task at hand -- and no model, regardless of national origin, "can provide value to an enterprise 500 customer company unless you have the protocols open, standardized." In his telling, the foundation exists precisely to provide neutral ground: a place "where competitors who compete furiously during daytime" can "come to a neutral room and debate, converse, align, consolidate, and drive open standards of how the Internet of Agents will evolve." That framing echoes his favorite historical analogy. HTTP earned global trust, he said, because of three things: an open standard, stateless scalability, and neutral governance under a standards body. "If I were a Fortune 500 company looking at how I trust the internet, I'd need those three things to fall into place -- and they were not in place a year ago. They were not in place even six months ago. But they are in place today." What 250 million weekly SDK downloads reveal about the future of agentic AI The scale of what's now riding on this specification is difficult to overstate. Soria Parra said SDK downloads have doubled in the past six months, reaching roughly 250 million per week -- "which is just insane numbers." For context, Anthropic reported 97 million monthly downloads across just the Python and TypeScript SDKs when it donated the protocol in December 2025. Delimarsky pointed to that same adoption curve as his preferred success metric going forward: "There is certainly a certain inflection point where this is no longer just an open source project. This is a substrate for a lot of the agentic workflows that we see across enterprises, across startups, across all sorts of companies." Success, the maintainers say, will be measured in server counts on the new specification, in feedback flowing through working groups, GitHub discussions, and the project's Discord -- and in whether the biggest drivers of the changes, Microsoft and Google among them, ship on it. "They are effectively the ones who have been driving a lot of the changes," Soria Parra said. "Every early indication we have -- it looks very, very positive." Both maintainers closed on the same note: this release belongs to no single company. "If you look back 18 months ago, when it was an Anthropic-only project, and then 12 months ago, where there was a lot of engagement -- now it's a truly global community," Soria Parra said. "I'm incredibly proud of what they have worked together." Delimarsky, "being very unoriginal," seconded him: the release "would not be possible without a large community of folks that are also volunteering a lot of their own time in making MCP successful." Gilbert, meanwhile, is already looking past this release -- toward how MCP interlocks with the AAIF's newly announced Agent Gateway project for traffic management and policy enforcement, and toward agentic commerce, where MCP serves as the discovery layer letting merchants expose products and services to AI agents. The web took thirty years to become invisible infrastructure that billions trust without thinking. By Gilbert's reckoning, the internet of agents is "in its first, second year" -- and as of today, it finally has plumbing built to carry the load.

Biggest ever MCP update brings metadata, cybersecurity enhancements

The developers of the Model Context Protocol, an open-source technology that underpins many artificial intelligence applications, today released a new version of the software. The release is described as the biggest update to the project since its launch. The Model Context Protocol, or MCP, was open-sourced by Anthropic PBC in November 2024. The AI developer donated the project to an industry consortium called the Agentic AI Foundation about a year later. The group, which operates under the wing of the Linux Foundation, is backed by Anthropic, OpenAI Group PBC and other major tech firms. MCP enables AI applications to interact with external systems. For example, an AI agent can use MCP to fetch a record from a database or update an online store's product catalog. The technology also lends itself to more complex tasks. When an MCP-powered AI application wishes to perform an action in an external system, it sends the system a request that details its requirements. It also sends metadata, or contextual information. The metadata contains details such as the version of MCP that the AI application uses. The biggest change in today's update is an overhaul of how MCP processes request metadata. Previously, AI applications sent metadata via a relatively complex workflow called a handshake. The new MCP release removes the workflow, which has several benefits. One is that it makes it easier to scale MCP applications in response to traffic spikes. The update also simplifies the task of recovering from server outages. The applications that an AI model accesses via MCP often run across multiple servers. MCP's handshake mechanism created complexity because it sent requests and their metadata to only one of those servers. If everything depends on a single server, a hardware issue can cause service disruptions. Having a single point of failure also complicates scaling. The new version of MCP replaces the handshake mechanism with a so-called stateless protocol core. The technology packages metadata directly into MCP requests. That removes the need for an external metadata management mechanism like the handshake workflow, which avoids the associated technical challenges. Today's MCP update also introduces several other enhancements. The protocol's developers improved the authorization mechanism that it uses to regulate AI applications' access to external systems. The mechanism, which ensures that an application can only access features it has permission to use, is now less prone to certain types of errors. It's also less vulnerable to a type of cyberattack known as an OAuth mix-up that enables hackers to steal login credentials. The improved authorization module is joined by a new extension framework. The latter component makes it possible to extend MCP's core feature set with custom capabilities. For added measure, it ships with a library of pre-packaged extensions. One plugin, MCP Apps, makes it easier to manage long-running AI agent workflows, while a tool called EMA streamlines certain cybersecurity tasks.