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Nvidia wants to cut data center water use, but that's not the same as fixing AI's water problem
Nvidia just announced a warm-water cooling system that it says can dramatically reduce the amount of water a data center uses -- eliminating "pretty much all water usage" inside the data center itself, according to an Nvidia executive in a press release. "The water consumption challenge for data
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Nvidia announces liquid cooling system that runs 'hotter than a hot tub' -- promises to reduce electricity consumption and cut water use by up to 100%, but sustainability challenges remain
AI GPU maker Nvidia just announced a "hotter than a hot tub" liquid cooling system that it says will cut water and electricity use. According to the company, this new solution will run coolant -- composed of 75% water and 25% propylene glycol -- at 113 degrees F (45 deg C). By comparison, the water
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Hotter Than a Hot Tub: The 45°C Breakthrough to Cool AI's Biggest Machines
Your browser doesn't support HTML5 video. Here is a link to the video instead. Hot tubs sit at about 38 to 40 degrees Celsius, warm enough that most people can only soak for about 15 minutes. NVIDIA's newest AI servers can run their cooling liquid even hotter -- up to 45 degrees Celsius, or 113
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NVIDIA's 113°F cooling system brings data center water use near zero
One of the world's leading technology companies, Nvidia, has just unveiled a new data center cooling system that uses a liquid coolant hotter than a hot tub to cut energy consumption. The Californian company's latest Rubin platform can operate using liquid coolant at temperatures up to 113 degrees
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NVIDIA claims its new AI data centers use almost no water -- here's what that actually means
As AI races forward, so does one of the industry's biggest environmental challenges: water Training and running AI models requires enormous amounts of computing power, and keeping those powerful chips cool often means consuming large amounts of water. It's become a growing source of concern as
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Water joins energy as top AI flashpoint
Why it matters: After spending much of the past year defending data centers' electricity demands, major tech companies driving the AI boom are increasingly making the case that their water use is manageable too. Driving the news: Over the past several weeks, Google, Amazon and Microsoft have each
[7]
Cooling just became the most strategic choice in AI infrastructure
AI cooling becomes critical to data center performance and scalability For most of the last forty years, data center performance gains came from one place: smaller transistors. Moore's Law and Dennard scaling did the work. Each new generation of silicon delivered more performance at the same or
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Nvidia says its new data center design will fix AI's water problem | Fortune
Nvidia thinks it has the solution for that: its new server infrastructure. The company announced on Monday that its newest AI servers will entirely use liquid cooling, a method that eliminates the need for air-cooling fans that rely on water. Instead, heat will be dissipated by a liquid coolant
[9]
Microsoft points to lower water use in AI era
Driving the news: Microsoft said its newest AI-focused data center designs -- first unveiled in 2024 -- do not consume water for cooling during normal operations. * The move is part of a broader effort that the company says has helped improve its water efficiency by nearly 90% since the early
[10]
Nvidia says AI's water challenge is largely solved
Why it matters: It's a bold claim with high stakes by the world's dominant chip maker. Data centers are facing growing scrutiny for their use of energy and water, and Nvidia's chips are helping drive the AI boom behind much of that demand. Driving the news: Nvidia announced Monday at London
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Nvidia Says It's Figured Out How to Solve This Big Problem With Data Centers
Nvidia's latest announcement goes a step further, proposing to greatly reduce the immense amounts of water (300,000 gallons per day for a mid-size facility) guzzled by data centers to keep their systems cool. In a press release, the chip giant described a coolant for its AI system that is "warmer
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India's AI boom cannot ignore its water crunch
India's AI growth risks exacerbating severe water stress as data centers, crucial for AI infrastructure, consume vast amounts of water. Cities like Hyderabad and Bengaluru, already facing shortages, are becoming AI hubs. While AI promises inclusive growth, its physical demands strain local
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Elon Musk Gives A Nod As Nvidia Argues AI Data Centers Aren't The Water Drain Many Believe: 'Numbers May
Nvidia Pushes Back On AI Water Consumption Concerns On Monday, in a post on X, Nvidia highlighted findings from the Manhattan Institute showing that data centers account for just 0.2% of daily water usage in the U.S., while arguing that advances in cooling technology are dramatically reducing the
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Nvidia claims it can ease water consumption problem for AI data centers
Every technology boom eventually gets a villain the public can picture. For the railroads, it was land grabs. For artificial intelligence (AI), it became a data center quietly drinking a town's water while a chatbot wrote someone's emails. That picture is not imaginary. Massive computing
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Microsoft, Nvidia Seeks Alternatives to Solve Datacentre Energy Challenges
While one indicates that datacentres and climate cannot go hand-in-hand, the other seeks to solve a third of the problem While AI giants are busy dreaming of the moolah from forthcoming public offers, some of the old hands in the game seem to focusing real world challenges beyond the hype.
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Nvidia unveiled a warm liquid cooling system that eliminates nearly all water consumption inside AI data centers by operating at 45°C. The closed-loop technology addresses facility-level usage but doesn't solve water demands from electricity generation and chip manufacturing, which can double or triple total AI water footprint.

Nvidia has introduced a liquid cooling system that operates at temperatures hotter than a hot tub, promising to dramatically reduce data center water use for AI infrastructure. The technology, designed for the company's Rubin AI GPUs, circulates coolant at 45°C (113°F) and can eliminate up to 100% of cooling water consumption within AI data center facilities in favorable climates
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. "The water consumption challenge for data centers is largely solved," Josh Parker, chief sustainability officer at Nvidia, told Axios1
.The system represents a shift in how the industry approaches thermal management. According to Ali Heydari, director of data center cooling and infrastructure at Nvidia, "The NVIDIA DSX AI factory reference design for AI factories has zero water consumption -- we have eliminated massive amounts of power usage and pretty much all water usage"
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. The DSX AI factory architecture achieves this through closed-loop liquid cooling that requires filling just once and runs for the life of the facility2
.The Rubin platform marks the first generation of Nvidia AI infrastructure to achieve 100% liquid cooling, with every chip and networking component cooled entirely by liquid in a closed loop with no fans
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. The coolant, composed of 75% water and 25% propylene glycol, enters server racks at 45°C and exits at 55°C (131°F) after absorbing heat from processors2
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. By comparison, hot tubs typically operate at 38 to 40°C3
.This higher temperature threshold enables data centers to use dry coolers instead of traditional evaporative cooling or chiller-based cooling systems. Since 45°C often exceeds ambient outdoor temperatures, facilities can rely on passive radiators to expel heat without consuming water through evaporation
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. Richard Whitmore, president and CEO of Motivair, Schneider Electric's advanced cooling division, explained: "In the right geographic location, with the right system design, you don't need any refrigeration equipment. You can just put big radiator coils outside and use the air temperature for all your cooling"4
.Historically, cooling has accounted for up to 40% of a data center's electricity consumption
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. The new system promises to reduce electricity consumption substantially by eliminating energy-intensive chillers and fans. Industry estimates suggest that raising chiller plant temperatures by just 1°C can reduce cooling energy costs by approximately 4%2
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.At scale, these efficiency gains translate to substantial savings. A 50-megawatt hyperscale facility can save over $4 million annually in cooling-related energy and water costs by adopting liquid-cooled infrastructure
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. In favorable climates, the technology can reduce facility cooling water consumption from roughly 2.6 million gallons per megawatt per year for conventional cooling-tower-based systems to near zero3
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. The system also eliminates noise pollution, as traditional data center cooling fans contribute to total noise levels at or above 85 decibels3
.Related Stories
While Nvidia's solution addresses facility-level water consumption, AI's water problem extends far beyond data center boundaries. The core issue lies in how the company measures data center water use -- essentially drawing a line around the facility and ignoring external consumption
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. Water use from electricity generation and chip manufacturing can double or triple the total water footprint of a facility, meaning Nvidia's solution addresses only about a quarter to a third of total water consumption1
.Fossil fuel power plants remain one of the largest water users in the U.S., consuming 2.7 billion gallons per day, mostly for evaporative cooling
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. Natural gas power plants use 1.17 liters of water per kilowatt-hour of electricity generated, while coal plants consume 2.2 liters per kilowatt-hour1
. Fossil fuel plants collectively generate about half of all data center power today, according to the IEA1
.Wind and solar power use vanishingly small amounts of water -- about 0.01 liters and 0.03 liters per kilowatt-hour respectively
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. However, natural gas and coal are expected to provide more than 40% of new electricity needed to meet AI data center demand through 20301
. Without major changes to that trajectory, data centers will continue consuming large amounts of water regardless of facility-level improvements.The new cooling system addresses several concerns raised by local governments that led to delays of more than 75 data centers earlier this year
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. Because the Rubin platform integrates 100% liquid-cooled infrastructure, every cloud provider and data center operator building for it must make the transition3
. Whitmore noted that once power densities crossed a certain threshold, "liquid cooling became mandatory"3
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.Critics argue that efficiency gains can be offset by rapid expansion, meaning total resource consumption may continue rising even as individual facilities become more efficient
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. The technology will likely take time to roll out to new and existing projects, so delays and resistance are expected to continue until wider adoption occurs2
. Microsoft has made similar zero-water cooling claims for its newest data centers, suggesting industry-wide movement toward addressing this visible environmental concern5
. Watch for whether tech companies pair these facility improvements with commitments to renewable energy sources that would address the broader water footprint of AI infrastructure.Summarized by
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