Samsung faces largest strike ever as 45,000 workers demand share of AI boom profits

Exclusive: At Samsung, the global AI boom spurred a looming strike and deep divisions

SEOUL, May 15 (Reuters) - A looming 18-day strike at South Korean chip giant Samsung that has triggered worries within the government, rattled foreign investors and threatened global supply chains rests on one crucial question: who should share in the spoils of the AI boom? More than 45,000 workers are threatening to stage the largest strike in the conglomerate's history from May 21, reducing production of memory chips that are crucial components in AI data centres, smartphones and laptops, as Samsung and its union struggle to find a compromise over bonus payouts. Samsung Electronics (005930.KS), opens new tab, which has reaped huge profits from a global memory shortage, has offered to pay generous bonuses to staff. But it wants to give 27,000 memory chip employees at least six times more than its other workers in its logic chip design and manufacturing businesses. Its union argues that the firm's other 23,000 workers - responsible for making AI chips for Tesla's (TSLA.O), opens new tab and Nvidia's (NVDA.O), opens new tab - who often work in the same buildings as their memory colleagues should not be left behind, despite suffering billions in losses in recent years as the foundry business floundered. Reuters reviewed hundreds of pages of transcripts covering Samsung internal wage negotiations and spoke with more than 10 workers, including union leaders, and sources familiar with the discussions. They spoke of deep divisions, described employee departures and revealed how this could be traced to - and threaten - Samsung's unusual goal to become the world's only semiconductor company offering a "one-stop" shop that spans different types of chips and services, unlike more specialized competitors like Micron (MU.O), opens new tab or TSMC (2330.TW), opens new tab. The internal discussions showing friction between the company divisions and employee departures have not been previously reported. JPMorgan estimated the strike could impact Samsung's operating profit by 21 trillion won to 31 trillion ⁠won ($14.08 billion to $20.79 billion), while sales losses could stand at about 4.5 trillion won. Samsung's Device Solutions Division includes three main businesses - memory, system LSI, and foundry - and the AI boom has made these divisions wildly unequal in profitability. Samsung is the world's top memory chipmaker by sales but also makes televisions and smartphones. The issues are "partly self-inflicted by the company," Namuh Rhee, a Yonsei University professor and chairman of a Korean corporate governance group, said on social media. He said Samsung's move to put different businesses together created a complex business structure that results in a valuation discount while causing conflicts of interest and limiting business opportunities. "Samsung must enable foundries to become self-reliant." TALENT DRAIN THREAT Discontent among Samsung workers grew last year after rival SK Hynix (000660.KS), opens new tab abolished its pay cap for 10 years. This resulted in bonuses more than three times higher than those offered to Samsung workers, which later lured some people to jump ship. In March, Samsung proposed that memory chip workers receive bonuses that would top those of SK Hynix employees, or 607% of their annual salary, according to transcripts of its wage negotiations. The company's memory and logic chip businesses used to receive the same bonus plan. But employees in its other businesses who work primarily on logic chips, such as "base die" which are crucial components of AI chips, would receive bonuses of 50% to 100%, according to the documents. Union officials argued that the big gap in bonuses would push logic chip employees to leave for the memory unit or for other companies, crippling it after Samsung Chairman Jay Y. Lee said he wants to be the "clear No. 1" in the logic chip market by 2030. "If the memory division gets 500 million won while the foundry division only gets 80 million won, what motivation would those employees have to keep working?" said union leader Choi ⁠Seung-ho during negotiations, according to the transcripts. Some workers said an exodus was already underway. A worker who identified himself by his surname, Lee, a foundry engineer in Pyeongtaek, said his team has shrunk sharply in the past couple of years as some of them moved to Samsung's memory division and SK Hynix. Two other employees who declined to be named said many of their colleagues are currently applying for jobs with SK Hynix and other companies. SK Hynix did not provide an immediate comment. The union's demands include requests for Samsung to abolish a bonus cap of 50% of annual salaries and allocate 15% of annual operating profit to a bonus pool distributed to workers. Samsung negotiators say performance bonuses should be paid out according to merit. "They, the logic chip business, posted losses in the trillions of won and honestly, if it had not been for our company, they probably would have gone out of business or closed down," said Samsung executive and negotiator Kim Hyung-ro, according to the transcripts. "So ⁠how can you justify giving performance bonuses?" "The company still has faith in this business and continues to invest consistently in facilities - and in reality, those investments are being funded with money earned from the memory business." In a statement, Samsung said "the logic chip business is a strategically significant business which we have continuously invested in, guided by our long-term vision." "Samsung Electronics will offer its employees the best compensation in the industry" with the latest proposal, it said. Samsung also said that should the strike go ahead, a failure to deliver to customers would result in "a complete loss of trust." RIPPLE EFFECT Samsung's top leadership, the South Korean government and investors have voiced concerns about how ⁠the potential strike could threaten Samsung and affect the broader economy. In an internal memo earlier this month, Samsung's chairman said apart from business disruptions, a strike could trigger capital outflows, a drop in tax revenue and a weakening of the won. In late April, South Korean President Lee Jae Myung said some unions were making excessive demands, in remarks that were widely perceived as aimed at Samsung's unions. The American Chamber of Commerce in Korea said the labour uncertainty could affect confidence in Korea's reputation as a dependable partner in global manufacturing and supply chains. Analysts said other companies were watching the dispute as a ⁠potential barometer for labor-management relations. "If Samsung sets a precedent in which union demands are pushed through by means of a strike, companies could find themselves in a very unfavorable bargaining position in the future," Korea University law professor Park Ji-soon said. Reuters spoke to protesting workers who said Samsung did not recognise its employees' contributions to making it a world-leading company. Lee, a chip researcher for 30 years, told Reuters on the sidelines of a rally of about 40,000 workers in late April that many of his colleagues had left for other companies and that he had applied to work at Micron. "I attended the rally because I am infuriated," he said. "I can't just sit in the office and work." "I no longer have pride in Samsung." Reporting by Hyunjoo Jin; Additional reporting by Heekyong Yang; Editing by Brenda Goh and Thomas Derpinghaus Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles., opens new tab * Suggested Topics: * World at Work * Worker Rights * ADAS, AV & Safety * Supply Chain * Sustainable & EV Supply Chain

Samsung's chip output cut feared to disrupt global supply chains - The Korea Times

Samsung Electronics' move to cut its chip output is fueling concerns over major disruptions to global customer deliveries, after the chipmaker failed to reach a wage agreement with its unions, industry officials said Friday. More than 43,000 unionized workers -- mostly from the firm's Device Solutions Division, which oversees the company's semiconductor business -- are set to begin an 18-day strike on Thursday following the latest deadlock in negotiations. They are demanding fixed performance bonuses equivalent to 15 percent of the operating profit generated by the company's semiconductor division, along with the removal of the payout cap. The output reduction is expected to strain the global semiconductor supply chain at a critical time when demand for memory chips -- particularly high-bandwidth memory -- far exceeds supply in the era of artificial intelligence (AI). Samsung is a major supplier of memory chips to global tech giants, such as Nvidia, Apple, AMD, Google and Meta. Semiconductor manufacturers typically reduce their production in response to weakening market demand, inventory adjustments or a downturn in the industry. However, Samsung's latest production adjustment is unusual in that it is a preemptive move to prepare for strike risks rather than market conditions. At a time when demand for AI chips is surging and memory supply is already tight, the world's largest memory chipmaker is reducing output due to the possibility of a strike. Analysts say this could be seen as a warning sign for the global semiconductor supply chain. "Even after the 18-day strike ends, it will likely take an additional two to three weeks to restart and normalize automated production lines," Kim Dong-won, a researcher at KB Securities, said in a recent report. Market watchers warn that such a prolonged production gap could trigger ripple effects across the global tech industry, potentially delaying shipments of AI servers, smartphones and data-center equipment that rely heavily on advanced memory chips. The disruption may also intensify price volatility and deepen procurement uncertainty for major customers rushing to secure supply. The American Chamber of Commerce in Korea (AMCHAM) also warned that Samsung's labor dispute could ripple through global chip supply chains. "There are mounting concerns that any significant production disruptions or operational uncertainty at Samsung Electronics could place additional strain on the global memory semiconductor market, potentially worsening supply bottlenecks, price volatility, procurement uncertainty, and broader supply chain instability," AMCHAM said on May 11. Industry officials said the biggest risk Samsung faces is that the company can be stigmatized as a chipmaker with an unpredictable labor risk from its major overseas clients, potentially tarnishing its global reputation. "The latest labor dispute may leave a negative image on Samsung -- particularly seen by its clients as a firm with an inherent labor risk," an industry official said. The official added that other chipmakers -- particularly Chinese companies -- may benefit from Samsung's labor dispute by stepping in to fill the gap left by Samsung. "Chances are SK hynix or other chipmakers particularly from China and the United States will absorb more demand due to the possible supply cut from Samsung," the official said. Industry Minister Kim Jung-kwan also emphasized on Thursday the importance of Samsung Electronics' semiconductor business, describing it as Korea's unrivaled growth engine and virtually its only key strategic asset. "The moment we lose competitiveness, it will not mean becoming second place -- survival itself will become difficult, and we will fall into a downward spiral. If a strike occurs under such circumstances, it will cause irrecoverable economic damage," Kim said in a post on X. In response to growing concerns, all Samsung Electronics executives, including Vice Chairman and CEO Jun Young-hyun and Roh Tae-moon, president in charge of the mobile business, issued a joint public apology over the ongoing labor-management conflict surrounding performance-based bonuses and expressed their willingness to resume talks. "We deeply bow our heads in apology while feeling a heavy sense of responsibility for failing to adequately meet the high expectations society places on Samsung," the executives said in the statement. The management also repeatedly urged the unions to resume dialogue, saying it considers them as "part of one family and a partner sharing a common destiny." "We will engage in talks with an open attitude and without preconditions."